Childhood model Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Childhood model - Essay Example Obese children should learn from healthy children through observation. In addition, they should be encouraged to adapt the requisite behaviors. Lastly, they should believe in their ability to change. Social cognitive theory came about because of the work conducted in the field of social learning theory advocated by Miller and Dollard in 1941. The theory has been applied in marketing where celebrities are used to introduce a product to a given demographic. A good example is the use of Drogba as the brand ambassador for Samsung in Africa. Students who perform well are rewarded with presents at the end of the academic year while those who exhibit good behavior are rewarded with leadership positions. The influence of the media is associated with social cognitive theory. People embrace behavior that is rewarded and shun what is punished (Ross, Lepper and Ward, 2010). Social cognitive theories are applied in the training of nurses and in their day-to-day responsibilities. Self-efficacy highlights an individual’s confidence in his or her ability to perform and master tasks. A student with a higher self-efficacy handles the Foley catheter with relative ease while one with a low self-efficacy would struggle handling

Food Predicament Essay Example for Free

Food Predicament Essay 1. List three factors largely responsible for the significant increase in North American food production since the end of World War II. a. Population Growth b. Rising personal income 2. Describe the trends in world food production vis-a-vis population growth from 1950 to the present. There is more people to supply food than before. 3. To what extent does expanding the amount of land under cultivation offer hope for significantly increasing world food supply? Why? To permit unproductive lands to be farmed, making it possible to raise two to three crops a year on the same land. 4. List four reasons for the loss of currently productive agricultural land. a. erosion b. desertification c. salinization d. water-logging 5. What factors make it unlikely that ocean fish harvests can be increased substantially above present levels? Large predator fish, overexploitation by industrial fishing fleets has reduced stocks of some species. 6. List several changes in food-handling practices that poor countries could implement to prevent loss of harvested crops. Store grains in bins that may not be easily penetrated, have good refrigeration and have reliable transport for the food. 7. To what extent can eating lower on the food chain help to solve problems of world hunger? It will help until the population grows more and going vegetarian would not be possible. 8. Why are a number of relatively affluent countries purchasing farmland in other nations? What are the advantages and disadvantages of such purchases for the host country? Because of the productive soil their food will grow much better in each different region. Some advantages might be that they will have that food available for the consumers and some disadvantages might be that there is a climate change and loose the crop. B. Match the following deficiency diseases with the nutritional factor (shown below the table) whose absence provoked these conditions (you can use the factor or corresponding letter (a, b, .): 1. childhood blindness 2. marasmus 3. anemia 4. kwashiorkor 5. mental retardation 6. pellagra 7. scurvy 8. rickets 9. beri-beri a. protein b. fiber c. vitamin A d. vitamin Bl (thiamine) e. vitamin C f. vitamin D g. vitamin E h. niacin i. iodine j. iron k. overall calorie/protein shortage C. True/False. Indicate T or F in the space before each numbered question. If the statement is false, revise it below in the box provided to make a correct statement; focus your response on the words in bold. 1. As incomes rise, food demand increases because more affluent people eat larger quantities of food. 2. It is estimated that approximately a billion people in the world today are undernourished. 3.Within families in poor societies, adolescent boys are the most likely to suffer from malnutrition. 4. Overpopulation is the major cause of chronic hunger problems in the developing world. 5. In societies where hunger is widespread, the rate of malnutrition among children and women is much higher than it is among men. 6. Malnutrition is most harmful when it occurs among children under 5. 7. The damaging effects of childhood malnutrition are reversible if the child receives an adequate diet when he/she becomes older. 8. Malnourished women are likely to give birth to underweight babies and to produce poor quality breast milk. 9. Marasmus is responsible for more childhood deaths in developing countries than any other single cause. 10. The most common nutritional deficiency disease worldwide is kwashiorkor. 11. A swollen belly, discoloration of the hair and skin, and stunted physical development are all classic symptoms of overall protein/calorie deprivation. 12. The worlds single most important cause of preventable brain damage and mental retardation is Vitamin A deficiency. 13. Aquaculrure offers greater hope for increasing the worlds fish harvest than does intensifying efforts in ocean fishing. 14. World livestock production, which rose steadily from 1950-1990, has subsequently leveled off because of falling market demand for meat. 15. Anemia is a leading cause of high female mortality rates and problem pregnancies in many poor countries. 16. Aquaculture supplies almost all of the tuna fish found in American supermarkets. 17. Biotechnology can help reduce farmers reliance on chemical fertilizers and pesticides and may make it possible to cultivate lands currently too dry or too saline for farming. 18. Among species commonly raised to supply animal protein for human consumption, fish are the most efficient energy converters, requiring just 2-3 pounds of feed to gain one pound of flesh. 19. In sub-Saharan Africa, grain production has remained stagnant at about one ton/ hectare since the early 1960s. 20. Significant increases in agricultural production achieved by technological breakthroughs such as the miracle grains or genetically modified crop and livestock varieties will ensure that all the worlds people enjoy an adequate diet.

Sustainability in construction and environmental impact of the construction industry

Sustainability in construction and environmental impact of the construction industry Sustainability in Construction There are many definitions of Sustainability, it has been evaluated as Sustainability is adapting the ways we all live and work towards meeting needs, while minimising the impacts of consumption and providing for people of today and not endangering the generations of tomorrow. [1] At the heart of sustainable development is the simple idea of ensuring a better quality of life for everyone, now and for the future generations. It means achieving social, economic and environmental objectives at the same time. It will give us a more inclusive society in which the benefits of increased economic prosperity are widely shared, with less pollution and more efficient use of natural resources. [2] Sustainable development was defined by the Brundtland Commission (1987) as development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Sustainable construction aims to provide ways for buildings to use fewer raw materials and less energy, cause less pollution and less waste but still provide the benefits that construction projects have brought throughout history. Most definitions stress that sustainability requires making decisions that recognise the connections between actions and effects in the environment, economy and society. Sustainability is often seen as an ethically and moral debate. Social, environmental and economic needs must be met in a balance with each other for sustainable outcomes in the long term. [3] Sustainable construction is meeting environmental and social responsibilities, and at the same time improving profitability. The key characteristics of sustainable construction are similar to those set for sustainable development, the end result is to reduce a firms detrimental effects on the environment. The industry is defined by a number of sectors, all who plan, design, build, alter or maintain the built environment. Also its subsidiaries, those who manufacture materials, suppliers, and end of life occupiers or owners. The entire life cycle of any structure, from initial concept to demolition must be encompassed in the definition of sustainable construction. Buildings and structures change the face of towns and countryside, and their construction, use, repair, maintenance, and demolition consume vast amounts of energy and resources compared to many other industrial sectors. [4] The environmental Impact of the Construction Industry The government has stated that the construction, occupation and maintenance of buildings account for around 50% of the UKs total CO2 emissions. [5] The construction process and building use not only consume the most energy of all sectors in the UK and create the most CO2 emissions, they also create the most waste, use most non-energy related resources, and are responsible for the most pollution. In light of government plans to reduce the United Kingdoms CO2 emissions by 80% based on 1990 levels [6], the construction industry is at the forefront for reducing emissions in industrialised nations and the United Kingdom is no exception. Code for Sustainable Homes The code for Sustainable homes is a framework which has been put in place by the government as a step change towards producing more sustainable homes. The code is a result of a working relationship between the Building Research Establishment (BRE) and the Construction Industry Research and Information Association (CIRIA). The main aim of the code is to provide the construction industry a drive towards continuous improvement, greater innovation and exemplary achievement in sustainable home building. [7] The code enhances the use of Energy Performance Certificates which is a result of the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD). The Energy Performance Certificates are used in new homes whenever they are sold or leased and are an indicator of carbon performance of the home. There are 9 main design categories covered in the code as follows: * Energy/CO2 * Pollution * Water * Health and well-being * Materials * Management * Surface water run-off * Ecology * Waste

Mark Messersmith :: essays research papers

Mark Messersmith The paintings of Mark Messersmith are the most chaotic and confusing works of art I have ever laid eyes on. It is very hard to grasp the effects and themes the artist was trying to convey when painting these scenes. The scenes are very busy and tend to move your attention from one point to another which makes interpretation even harder.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One particular painting, Wakulla, was especially odd. In this painting you are looking at the scene from the height of the surrounding trees, almost as if you are sitting on a tree branch. The center focal point seems to be a possum sitting on a limb with a snake in his mouth. Although this seems to be the center of the scene, your attention very quickly is drawn to the fish flying through the air. The reasoning for this seems very vague. Maybe, the fish are making themselves more readily available to the birds above. This thought quickly fades from your mind because the birds seem to be totally uninterested in the actions of the fish.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Interpreting the meaning of such a painting is based very much on an individual’s thought processes. This work is very unique and seems to take on a different personality or theme each time you examine it. Although you find new things with every viewing, one thing remains constant. The idea of nature vs. nature tends to stick out in your mind as you picture the actions of the various animals shown.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Although very hard to understand, the use of color and layering effects produce a very vivid and life like scene. The fish at the top of the picture and the animals underneath the painting seem to make the painting too busy. In fact, it adds to the already confusing and distracting scene the picture itself depicts.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When I view a work of art I try to feel what the artist was feeling as he painted it; come to terms with his thoughts and what he is trying to convey in his work. With the work of Messersmith you can never be sure whether he is saying that nature is working against itself and man is working against nature or if he just has a messed up outlook on the world.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Art is meant to be appreciated and enjoyed. The artwork of Mark Messersmith is almost totally unable to be understood , much less appreciated.

Fashion Theory

It's a Jungle Out There he based his design work on the Thomson gazelle, found in East Africa. The collection used many animal skins, and featured this brown fur Jacket with horns protruding from the shoulders. Macaque used this to symbolize the relationship between animals and humans. With this Jacket Macaque uses the horns as a signifier signifying power, freedom as well as survival Using this on female models signified power and strength thus giving them empowerment, which was one of his signifier.With usage of the fierce makeup techniques, the female form appears formidable and mighty. The symbolism of the horns used suggests power and the ability to defend them selves Just as the Gazelle's do with predators and when courting, while the leather symbolisms resilience. Macaque strategically places the horns on the shoulders of the Jacket, creating a broader silhouette on the female forming an androgynous profile. This then links to the stereotypical social structure, in which males dominate.The exaggerated shoulders appear to symbolism the limbs of the gazelle reinforcing the minimalists eaters within the design of the garment forming the beginning of the human- animal hybrid. Macaque believed that like a Gazelle, humans are doomed in life and are destined to die at the hands of their predators. Just like a gazelle will be hunted and destroyed, a human will be forgotten and lost if they do not fight for their survival is society and continue to be remarked and discerned. It is ironic that although animals are usually seen as a inferior existence in rank to humans, Macaque uses them to portray strength and power.Here the roles are reversed and unmans are relying on these beasts to represent their ennoblement signifying an exchange of power. Having said this, Macaque, with the animal symbolism, signified freedom. A freedom of expression and identity as an individual, as apposed to conforming. Suzan Hens Macaque however was not the only designer to used horns as imagery and symbols within his collection to represent society through fashion. South African born designer Suzan Haynes also used this symbolism in her newly opened store in Mellower Arch.Suzan admits to gathering her influences from her travels and exposure to the natural. Haynes replaced the heads of her mannequin's in her Mellower arch store with those of reindeer's. Her intention of this was to create a fantasy within her store. The signifier identified is a female form with a reindeer head thus creating the â€Å"hybrid†. This signifies the fantasy that Suzan intends to create. The female form is positioned in such a manner in which to present a ladylike heir of grace to the mannequin. This demure stance is Juxtaposed by the use of the reindeer head. This signifies raw animal instinct.The animal instinct in this context (Store setting) is erectly related to the carnal desire in relation to consumption. It signifies that consumers should be able to give into this desire for fashion as an animal would towards their instinct. This image emphasizes human restraint opposed to animal impulse. This correlates with Roland bathes semiotic theory that links to stories and myth. He argued that there is an agenda behind communication and that agenda is ideology. The idea that the myth is a misrepresentation and has to do with covering something up and what is really going on. Inanimate and animate models and animals

Nowadays, Food Has Become Easier to Prepare Essay

Nowadays, Food Has Become Easier to Prepare. Has This Change Improved the Way People Live? Use Specific Reasons and Examples to Support Your Answer. By annicat Man, through the ages, has undergone many changes, from a period when he hunted for his food to the present era when man is dependent on preprocessed foods. During this period not only has man changed his mode of eating but his whole lifestyle as well. In pursuit of more in this competitive world, man no longer has time as he once had. He is caught in a race against the clock. A person who finishes more n lesser time is considered more efficient. This pressure to do more in less time has affected his eating habits as well and, as a result, man no longer has time to cook food. Early man’s only objective was to seek food to sustain him and his family. Nowadays finding food has taken a back seat to other priorities, such as career and education. Food is no longer of that importance. This is not an encouraging trend. People are too dependent on preprocessed or precooked food, which no longer has the freshness it once had. Such foods loose their mineral and vitamin content and re not as healthy as fresh food. That is why the number of diseases is also rising. People have also shifted to high calorie content food like French fries, pizzas, and ice cream, etc. , which is causing obesity, fatigue, etc. As man is becoming busy and too involved in his busy schedule, he has no time even to take care of his own personal needs. Furthermore, cooking is an art which is dying out. People once enjoyed cooking . It was a means of eliminating stress and tension. People were once able to relax during this time and reflect on their lives. People may tend to argue that by sing precooked and preprocessed food they are efficiently using time and can use this precious time saved for other purposes. But is it really worth it? This is a question whose answer can invite much speculation about whether by saving this little time we are inviting lots of other problems, which could easily be avoided. It is actually making our lives not simpler but more complicated. We have lost many of the simpler things in our lives, like the simple acts of selecting our evening meal, preparing it, and enjoying it with our loved ones, and we are worse off for it.